Unhandled errors causing silent failures or unexpected crashes

Occasionally my Node.js app crashes or behaves unpredictably without clear errors, especially during fs.readFile, Promises, or async calls. How should I handle errors more robustly?

Improper error handling—like throwing inside callbacks or missing .catch() on Promises—can lead to crashes or silent failures (turn0search4turn0search0. Fixes: • For callbacks: check err and handle gracefully: js Copy code fs.readFile('file.txt', (err, data) => { if (err) { console.error('Read failed', err); return res.status(500).send('Error'); } res.send(data); }); • For Promises: always attach .catch(): js Copy code fetchData().then(handle).catch(err => console.error(err)); • In async functions: wrap logic inside try/catch. • Add global handlers: js Copy code process.on('unhandledRejection', err => console.error('Rejection:', err)); process.on('uncaughtException', err => { console.error('Exception:', err); process.exit(1); }); • Use middleware or domain-based error handling in Express apps. This ensures issues don't go unnoticed and app downtime is minimized.turn0search4turn0search0