Callback Hell: Nested callbacks making code unreadable and error-prone

My Node.js code has multiple layers of nested callbacks, making it hard to read and maintain. Error handling is messy and debugging feels frustrating. How do I fix this?

This is the classic Callback Hell, or "Pyramid of Doom," where deeply nested callbacks reduce readability and complicate error handling (turn0search5turn0search8). Solutions: • Use Promises or util.promisify() to convert callback-based APIs. • Adopt async/await for sequential asynchronous flows: js Copy code const fs = require('fs').promises; async function readAll() { try { const d1 = await fs.readFile('file1.txt', 'utf8'); const d2 = await fs.readFile('file2.txt', 'utf8'); console.log(d1, d2); } catch (err) { console.error(err); } } • Use control flow libraries like async.js for parallel or sequential flows. • Extract reusable logic into named functions to reduce duplication and nesting. By refactoring this way, code becomes cleaner, easier to debug, and more robust.turn0search5turn0search8